Congruencia entre modelos dentales impresos 3D y el archivo digital de origen: estudio in vitro comparativo de 5 impresoras 3D / Congruence between 3D printed dental models and the original digital file: comparative in vitro study of 5 3D printers

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo conocer la fiabilidad de la impresora 3D (i3D) aditiva por Matriz de Proceso Digital de Luz (MDLP) Hellbot modelo Apolo®, a través de verificar la congruencia dimensional entre las mallas de modelos impresos (MMi) y su correspondiente archivo digital de origen (MMo), obtenido del software de planificación ortodontica Orchestrate 3D® (O3D). Para determinar su uso en odontología y sus posibilidades clínicas, fue comparada entre cinco i3D de manufactura aditiva, dos DLP, dos por estereolitografía (SLA) y una por Depósito de Material Fundido (FDM). La elección de las cinco i3D se fundamentó en su valor de mercado, intentando abarcar la mayor diversidad argentina disponible. Veinte modelos fueron impresos con cada i3D y escaneados con Escáner Intraoral (IOS) Carestream modelo 3600® (Cs3600). Las 120 MMi fueron importadas dentro del programa de ingeniería inversa Geomagic® Control X® (Cx) para su análisis 3D, consistiendo en la superposición de MMo con cada una de las MMi. Luego, una evaluación cualitativa de la desviación entre la MMi y MMo fue realizada. Un análisis estadístico cuidadoso fue realizado obteniendo como resultado comparaciones en 3d y 2d. Las coincidencias metrológicas en la superposición tridimensional permitieron un análisis exhaustivo y fácilmente reconocible a través de mapas colorimétricos. En el análisis bidimensional se plantearon planos referenciados dentariamente desde la MMo, para hacer coincidir las mediciones desde el mismo punto de partida dentaria. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios y muy alentadores. Las probabilidades de obtener rangos de variabilidad equivalentes a +/- 50µm fueron de un 40,35 % y de +/- 100µm un 71,04 %. Por lo tanto, te- niendo en cuenta las exigencias de congruencia dimensional clínicas de precisión y exactitud a las cuales es sometida nuestra profesión odontológica, se evitan problemas clínicos arrastrados por los errores dimensionales en la manufactura (Cam) (AU)

The objective of this study was to determine the reliability of the Hellbot Apollo® model additive 3D printer (i3D) by Matrix Digital Light Processing (MDLP) by verifying the dimensional congruence between the printed model meshes (MMi) and their corresponding digital source file (MMo), obtained from the Orchestrate 3D® (O3D) orthodontic planning software. A comparison was made between five i3D of additive manufacturing, two DLP, two by stereolithography (SLA), and one by Fused Material Deposition (FDM), to determine its use in dentistry and its clinical possibilities. The choice of the five i3D was based on their market value, trying to cover most of the Argentinean diversity available. Twenty models were printed with each i3D and scanned with Carestream Intraoral Scanner (IOS) model 3600® (Cs3600). The 120 MMi were imported into the reverse engineering program Geomagic® Control X® (Cx) for 3D analysis, consisting of overlaying MMo with each MMi. Then, a qualitative evaluation of the deviation between MMi and MMo. Also, a careful statistical analysis was performed, resulting in 3d and 2d comparisons. Metrological coincidences in three-dimensional overlay allowed a comprehensive and easily recognizable analysis through colorimetric maps. In the two-dimensional analysis, dentally referenced planes were proposed from the MMo, to match the measurements from the same dental starting point. The results were satisfactory and very encouraging. The probabilities of obtaining ranges of variability equivalent to +/- 50µm were 40.35 % and +/- 100µm 71.04 %. Therefore, considering the demands of clinical dimensional congruence, precision, and accuracy to which our dental profession it is subjected, clinical problems caused by dimensional errors in manufacturing (Cam) are avoided (AU)

Prosthetic Rehabilitation of an Orbital Defect Using Computer Aided Designing and Rapid Prototyping

Introduction: The conventional methods of fabrication oforbital prosthesis by facial moulage fabrication and handsculpting are time consuming, error-prone and very muchsubjective in terms of quality. Prosthesis development usingcontemporary technologies like computer aided designing andrapid prototyping is simple, cost effective and also improvesproductivity ensuring enhancement of the technical quality ofcare.Case report: The present case report describes rehabilitationof a patient of left anophthalmic residual defect with a custommade silicone orbital prosthesis retained with spectacle,developed with the help of computer aided designing andrapid prototyping technology.Conclusion: Consistent good quality prosthesis may beobtained using advanced digital technologies that includeoptical scanning, computer-aided designing and rapidprototyping which are more objective in nature.

Functional analysis of prv-miR-LLT11a encoded by pseudorabies virus

Viral-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have vital roles in the regulation of virus replications and host immune responses. The results of previous studies have indicated that miRNA clusters are involved in the replication and virulence of the pseudorabies virus (PRV), which may potentially lead to immune escape or facilitation of PRV replication. This study's previous research revealed that prv-miR-LLT11a was differentially expressed during PRV infection. The present study's results have demonstrated that prv-miR-LLT11a could significantly inhibit PRV replication. It was further determined that SLA-1 was the target gene of prv-miR-LLT11a, and simultaneously, that overexpression of prv-miR-LLT11a could downregulate the mRNA and protein levels of SLA-1 in a dose-independent manner. Furthermore, the present study also observed that prv-miR-LLT11a can downregulate TAP1 expression. Our findings provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in the effects of prv-miR-LLT11a on SLA-1 and TAP1 as well as its involvement in immune system evasion of PRV.

A study of profile of patients failing first line NACO recommended ART

Background: Failure of first line NACO recommended Therapy has been reported in 1-5% cases of HIV/AIDS. Various factors are associated with failure. This study describes the profile of patients failing first line ART (FLA) in a predominately lower socioeconomic population. The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with failure of FLA.Methods: Retrospective data analysis of patients failing first line therapy. Epidemiological information, clinical parameters and laboratory reports were taken into consideration. Data was analysed as per standard statistical analysis.Results: Out of a total 3926 patients on first line ART for varying periods of time from our ART centre 54 patients were on second line ART. Males (2.20%) had a high failure rate than females (0.50%). The average time of failure was 64.11 months with a median of 56.50 months. 74.1% (40/54) of the patients had very low CD4 count at the time of initial diagnosis. Failure rate of FLA was higher in the patients having Stavudine based regimen (NRTI) (6.61%) and 3.64% in patients having Nevirapine based regimen (NNRTI).Conclusions: Second line therapy is required only in a small number of patients at present, but as it is related to the duration on first line ART and also with initial low CD4 count, more and more patients will require SLA in the near future.

Radiological Evaluation Of Carpal Instability Associated With Conservatively Managed Fracture Of Distal Radius.

.Distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures of the forearm and accounts for approximately 16% of all skeletal fractures. Distal radial fractures are associated with injuries to the TFCC and carpal ligaments that may lead to carpal malalignment later. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of carpal instability on radiological basis following conservative management of distal radius fractures. Other objective was to identify other factors including carpal malalignment in an attempt to predict the final functional outcome. In a prospective study, 100 distal radial fractures treated with conservative method were followed-up with serial radiographs for assessment of various radiological parameters. The alignment of each wrist was checked radiographically in pre reduction, immediate post-reduction and subsequently at 6-week follow-up radiographs. Serial measurements of radial length, dorsal tilt, radial inclination, scapho-lunate, radio-lunate, radioscaphoid, scapho-capitate angles and effective radiolunate flexion (ERLF) angle were made. Regression analysis showed high correlation among the severity of axial shortening, prereduction dorsal angulation and radio-carpal malalignment pattern with loss of reduction at 6 week. Two patterns of carpal malalignment were identified depending upon the effective radiolunate flexion (ERLF) measured on pre-reduction radiographs. The midcarpal malalignment was seen in 82% radial fractures with the lunate following the dorsiflexed fracture fragment and a measured ERLF of less than 250. The second pattern of radio-carpal malalignment showed the fracture fragment to dorsiflex without taking the lunate with a measured ERLF of more than 250. The scaphoid did not follow the fracture fragment in both the patterns of malalignment. Our study highlights the importance of various radiological parameters on post-reduction radiographs as a predictor of carpal instability.

Evaluation of the stability of sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched implants with tapered straight body design

PURPOSE: Implant surface modification and implant design are the principle targets for achieving successful primary stability. The aim of this study was to measure implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) implants with tapered straight body design during the healing period, and to determine the various factors affecting implant stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To measure implant stability, resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was performed in 26 patients (13 women and 13 men) with 44 SLA implants with tapered straight body design. Implant stability (ISQ values) was evaluated at baseline and healing abutment connection (12 weeks), and the correlations between RFA and insertion torque (IT), bone quality, and jawbone were determined. RESULTS: The mean ISQ value of the implants was 69.4 ± 10.2 at the time of implant placement (baseline) and 81.4 ± 6.9 at the time of healing abutment connection (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: ISQ values of SLA implants with tapered straight body design were high at baseline and healing abutment connection. It was concluded that SLA implants with tapered straight body design show improved primary and secondary stability, and that immediate or early loading may be applicable.

Effects of acid-treatment conditions on the surface properties of the RBM treated titanium implants / 대한치과재료학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of acid-treatment conditions on the surface properties of the RBM (Resorbable Blast Media) treated titanium. Disk typed cp-titanium specimens were prepared and RBM treatments was performed with calcium phosphate ceramic powder. Acid solution was mixed using HCl, H2SO4 and deionized water with 4 different volume fraction. The RBM treated titanium was acid treated with different acid solutions at 3 different temperatures and for 3 different periods. After acid-treatments, samples were cleaned with 1 % Solujet solution for 30 min and deionized water for 30 min using ultrasonic cleanser, then dried in the electrical oven (37℃). Weight of samples before and after acid-treatment were measured using electric balance. Surface roughness was estimated using a confocal laser scanning microscopy, crystal phase in the surface of sample was analyzed using X-ray diffractometer. Surface morphology and components were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS). Values of the weight changes and surface roughness were statistically analyzed using Tukey-multiple comparison test (p=0.05). Weight change after acid treatments were significantly increased with increasing the concentration of H₂SO₄ and temperature of acid-solution. Acid-treatment conditions (concentration of H₂SO₄, temperature and time) did not produce consistent effects on the surface roughness, it showed the scattered results. From XRD analysis, formation of titanium hydrides in the titanium surface were observed in all specimens treated with acid-solutions. From XPS analysis, thin titanium oxide layer in the acid-treated specimens could be evaluated. Acid solution with 90℃ showed the strong effect on the titanium surface, it should be treated with caution to avoid the over-etching process.

Does the extent of Cortical Myelination at the age of onset of Second Language Acquisition (Sla) affect students’ academic performance? A University of Papua New Guinea case study

@#The influence of Age of Onset (AO) of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) on learners‟ Ultimate Attainment (UA) potential is well documented. The issue of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) potential enters a qualitatively different, pragmatic dimension in most multilingual developing nations (including Papua New Guinea), where English, a second language for most children, is also the language of education, and where, consequently, students‟ English proficiency necessarily affects their academic potential and the quality of their education. This study investigates whether the academic performance of students in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences (SHSS) University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG) is affected by their linguistic backgrounds. Specifically, we examined the effect of three factors in the students‟ Early Language Education – their Age of Onset of learning English (AO), their Age at Literacy (AGELIT), and their Early Learning Language (ELL) – on their Semester 1, 2017 Grade Points Average (GPA). A purposive cross-sectional sampling method was used for the selection of students. All full-time registered students in the SHSS during the 2017 academic session were eligible to participate in the study. A self-designed pretested questionnaire consisting of nine short questions was used to collect data on SHSS students‟ language education backgrounds, including their AO, AGELIT and ELL. Our results show a strong and statistically significant inverse correlation between students‟ AO/AGELIT and their GPAs, as well as a strong positive link between ELL English and students‟ GPAs, which contrasts sharply with a significant decrease in GPAs in the presence of ELL Tok Pisin. The ELL Vernacular category was too small (sample size N=34) to yield statistically significant results. Our current results corroborate the findings of our earlier studies which established a highly significant inverse correlation between students‟ AO and their academic performance in the National High Schools, as well as in the University of Papua New Guinea.

Cloning, mRNA expression and protein functional bioinformatics analysis of SLA-DOA in Banna mini-pig inbred line / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To clone swine leukocyte antigen,class II,DO alpha (SLA-DOA) gene from Banna mini-pig inbred line (BMI) and detect its mRNA expression level in 19 important tissues.Methods:The complete eDNA sequence of SLA-DOA gene was cloned by RT-PCR method from BMI and the mRNA expression pattern in BMI important tissues was examined by semi-quantative RT-PCR method.Nucleotide and protein sequences of SIA-DOA were used to carry out bioinformatics analysis and construct the phylogenetic tree.Results:The eDNA length of BMI SLA-DOA was 1 079 bp,which encoded a protein of 250 amino acids with molecular weight (Mw) 27.81 kD,and isoelectric point (pI) 6.48.Genome structure analysis showed it localized to Sus scrofa chromosomes 7 and consisted of four exons and three introns.Semi-quantitative expression analysis showed that SLA-DOA gene expressed highly in the lymph nodes and stomach;weakly in the heart,skin and duodenum and none in other 14 tissues.Functional bioinformatics analysis indicated that SLA-DOA protein contained one signal poptide,one transmembrane region,three conserved domains,four O-GlcNAc glycosylation sites,18 potential phosphorylation sites and to be located in the cytoplasm with 94.1％ certainty.Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that BMI (pig) had the closest relationship with cattle.Conclusion:This study have successfully cloned the SLA-DOA gene of Banna mini-pig inbred line,performed bioinformatics analysis and tissue expression profile analysis.It will provide a basis for the studies of BMI xenotransplantation.

Polymorphism research on SLA class II genes in Canadian SPF Yorkshire and Landrace pigs / 中国实验动物学报

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of SLA class II genes in Canadian SPF Yorkshire and Landrace pigs.Methods Blood samples were obtained from 15 SPF Yorkshire and 22 Landrace pigs for isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells respectively, and the DQB1, DRB1 and DQA genes were amplified by PCR after reverse transcription.SLA class II genes were obtained by analyzing the direct and cloning result.The polymorphism of alleles was analyzed using the DNAsp 5.0 software.Results A total of 25 alleles were identified at three genes, including eight DQB1, ten DRB1 and seven DQA, and three alleles were submitted the complete sequences for the first time.The official allele names were assigned as SLA-DQB1*0212 (KU754590), SLA-DQB1*0203 (KU754591) and DRB1*06:07(KU754601) by the SLA Nomenclature Committee.Three novel DQA alleles were discovered.Five of the 15 amino acids, one of the 16 amino acids and 11 of the 19 amino acids, which bind processing antigens, showed well conserved among the alleles of DQB1, DRB1 and DQA genes in the SPF Yorkshire and Landrace pigs, respectively.Neighbor-joining tree showed that the three genes were divided into two clusters, respectively.There was a close relationship between SPF Yorkshire and Landrace pigs and foreign Yucatan miniature pigs, and it showed no obvious genetic distance with other pigs.Conclusions A total of 25 SLA class II alleles have been identified successfully in this study, and there are more abundant polymorphism for them.There is a widely distribution for SLA class II alleles identified in this study in other pig breeds.It is critical for the eventual future use of SPF Yorkshire and Landrace pigs as classical laboratory animal models.

Characterization of swine leukocyte antigen class I genes and homology analysis of the similarity to HLA in GGTA1 -/- Wuzhishan minipigs / 中国实验动物学报

Objective This study was aimed to characterize the swine leukocyte antigen( SLA) class I genes of GGTA1 -/ - Wuzhishan minipigs and compare their similarity to human leukocyte antigen( HLA) . It has important implica?tions for understanding the cellular rejection in xenotransplantation. Methods Specimens of ear tissue from six founding GGTA1 -/ - Wuzhishan minipigs were collected, and the SLA class I genes (SLA?1, SLA?3, SLA?2) were amplified by RT?PCR. Purified products were cloned into pEASY?T1 vectors and sequenced, followed by BLAST alignment and using bioin? formatc analysis to characterize the SLA class I genes and compare with the similarity to HLA. Results A total of six al?leles were detected, among them alleles were previously reported (SLA?1?0703,SLA?2?1102, SLA?3?0401, SLA?3?0403), and the other were novel (SLA?1?0401wz01, SLA?2?11wz01). The homology between alleles of SLA class I genes in Wuzhishan minipigs and HLA was from 70?5% to 72?1%. The homology analysis of critical amino acid residues on HLA binding with human CD8 + molecules showed that SLA?1?0401wz01, SLA?1?0703, SLA?2?11wz01, SLA?2?1102 and SLA?3?0401 occurred mutant at amino acid positions 225 and 228 ( T→S,T→M) , whereas the other loci were highly conserved. There was a high homology at amino acid level between SLA?2?11wz01, SLA?2?1102 and HLA class I genes which are NK cell KIRs binding sites. Conclusions The amino acid sequences of SLA class I genes of GGTA1 -/ -Wuzhishan minipigs have a high homology to HLA. From the point of view of cell?mediated xenograft rejection, the amino acid sequences of SLA class I genes of GGTA1 -/ - Wuzhishan minipigs have a high homology to HLA, therefore, Wzhishan minipigs may become a good potential donor for pig?human xenotransplantation.

Comparison of alkaline phosphatase activity of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on different Ti surfaces: modified sandblasted with large grit and acid-etched (MSLA), laser-treated, and laser and acid-treated Ti surfaces

PURPOSE: In this study, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant surface treatment on cell differentiation of osteoblast cells. For this purpose, three surfaces were compared: (1) a modified SLA (MSLA: sand-blasted with large grit, acid-etched, and immersed in 0.9% NaCl), (2) a laser treatment (LT: laser treatment) titanium surface and (3) a laser and acid-treated (LAT: laser treatment, acid-etched) titanium surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MSLA surfaces were considered as the control group, and LT and LAT surfaces as test groups. Alkaline phosphatase expression (ALP) was used to quantify osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cell. Surface roughness was evaluated by a contact profilometer (URFPAK-SV; Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan) and characterized by two parameters: mean roughness (Ra) and maximum peak-to-valley height (Rt). RESULTS: Scanning electron microscope revealed that MSLA (control group) surface was not as rough as LT, LAT surface (test groups). Alkaline phosphatase expression, the measure of osteoblastic differentiation, and total ALP expression by surface-adherent cells were found to be highest at 21 days for all three surfaces tested (P.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggested that MSLA and LAT surfaces exhibited more favorable environment for osteoblast differentiation when compared with LT surface, the results that are important for implant surface modification studies.

Comparison of prosthetic models produced by traditional and additive manufacturing methods

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to verify the clinical-feasibility of additive manufacturing by comparing the accuracy of four different manufacturing methods for metal coping: the conventional lost wax technique (CLWT); subtractive methods with wax blank milling (WBM); and two additive methods, multi jet modeling (MJM), and micro-stereolithography (Micro-SLA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty study models were created using an acrylic model with the maxillary upper right canine, first premolar, and first molar teeth. Based on the scan files from a non-contact blue light scanner (Identica; Medit Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea), thirty cores were produced using the WBM, MJM, and Micro-SLA methods, respectively, and another thirty frameworks were produced using the CLWT method. To measure the marginal and internal gap, the silicone replica method was adopted, and the silicone images obtained were evaluated using a digital microscope (KH-7700; Hirox, Tokyo, Japan) at 140X magnification. Analyses were performed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: The mean marginal gaps and internal gaps showed significant differences according to tooth type (P<.001 and P<.001, respectively) and manufacturing method (P<.037 and P<.001, respectively). Micro-SLA did not show any significant difference from CLWT regarding mean marginal gap compared to the WBM and MJM methods. CONCLUSION: The mean values of gaps resulting from the four different manufacturing methods were within a clinically allowable range, and, thus, the clinical use of additive manufacturing methods is acceptable as an alternative to the traditional lost wax-technique and subtractive manufacturing.

Supervivencia de implantes cortos, menores o iguales a 8 mm, de superficie arenada y grabada con ácido / Survival of 8 mm long sandblasted and acid-etched short implants

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el porcentaje de sobrevida de implantes cortos, menores o iguales a 8 mm, de superficie SLA arenada y grabada con ácido, en el sector posterior de maxilar y mandíbula, con 1 a 2 años de seguimiento. Por otra parte, analizar la tasa de sobrevida según sexo, maxilar, densidad ósea, diseño del implante, cirugía de uno o dos estadíos, momento de inserción,nivel de inserción, microelevación de seno, regeneración ósea, restauración individual o ferulizada, momento de fracaso. Se estudió de forma retrospectiva, la sobrevida de 61 implantes cortos SLA de 6 mm (n:28) y 8 mm (n:33) de largo, de 4,1 y 4,8 mm de diámetro, de paredes paralelas, diseño standard y standard plus, colocados en el sector posterior del maxilar y mandíbula (n:25 y n:36 respectivamente), provenientes de la práctica privada y de la Carrera de Especialización en Implantología Oral de la UCC-COC. Se realizó test de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson para las variables categóricas y Riesgo Relativo (RR). El intervalo de confianza fue de 95 por ciento; significancia estadística p<0,05. El porcentaje acumulado de sobrevida de los implantes de superficie SLA de <8 mm, fue del 90,16 por ciento. Los implantes de 8 mm mostraron 100 por ciento de sobrevida, contra 78,6 por ciento para los de 6 mm. La diferencia fue significativa (p<0.05). Las variables sexo, maxilar, densidad ósea, diseño del implante (modelo, cuerpo y plataforma), cirugía de 1 o 2 estadíos, momento de inserción, nivel de inserción y restauración individual o ferulizada, no tuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Las variables microelevación de seno y regeneración ósea mostraron diferencias significativas. La utilización de implantes cortos de < 8 mm, de superficie microtexturada SLA, sería una alternativa válida para el tratamiento de pacientes parcial o totalmente desdentados con algura ósea reducida, aunque los de 6 mm de largo tienen tasas de supervivencia significativamente menores...

Effects of SLA surface treated with NaOH on surface characteristics and response of osteoblast-like cell / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface characteristics and response of osteoblast-like cell at SLA surface treated with NaOH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three kinds of specimens were fabricated for the experiment groups. Control group was a machined surface, SLA group was a conventionally SLA treated surface, and SLA/NaOH gorup was SLA surface treated with NaOH. To evaluate the surface characteristics, the surface elemental composition (XPS), surface roughness and surface contact angle were evaluated in each group. And the cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, cell proliferation and ATP activity of osteoblast-like cells (MG-63 cells) were compared in each group for evaluatation of the cell responses. Statistical comparisons between groups were carried out via one-way ANOVA using the SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA), and then performed multiple comparisons. The differences were considered statistically significant at P<.05. RESULTS: SLA surface treated with NaOH (SLA / NaOH group) was changed to hydrophilic surface. All groups did not show the cytotoxicity to the MG-63. In cell adhesion studies, SLA / NaOH group showed the higher degree of adhesion than anothers (P<.05), Up to 7 days of incubation, the proliferation was showed the increasing tendency in all groups but SLA / NaOH group showed the highest cell proliferation between the three groups (P<.05). At 7 days of incubation, there was no difference in ALP activities between the three groups, but at 14 days, SLA / NaOH group showed significant increase in ALP activities (P<.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, SLA surface treated with NaOH promoted cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. It means that SLA/NaOH group is possible to promote osseointegration of implants.

Influence of fluid shear stress on anti-platelet aggregation of salvianolic acid B / 医用生物力学

Objective To study effects of flow shear stress combined with salvianolic acid B (Sla B) on anti-platelet aggregation and its possible mechanism under the theoretical framework of biomechanopharmacology. Methods 2×4 factor experimental design was employed. By using Bioflux 1000 microfluidic system, shear stresses of 0.02 Pa and 1.5 Pa were applied together with four levels of Sla B concentration treatment on human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 20 hours. Then the cell supernatant was collected to detect concentration of 6-keto-PGF1α and vWF by ELISA and their effects on ADP-induced platelet aggregation were tested. Immunofluorescence method was used to detect vWF in endothelial cell cytoplasm. Results Physical shear stress of 1.5 Pa combined with Sla B of 100 μg/mL could significantly promote the endothelial secretion of 6-keto-PGF1α as compared to low shear stress condition (P<0.05). The endothelial cell supernatant under shear stress of 1.5 Pa showed an obvious anti-platelet aggregation effect. As the single factor, shear stresses significantly influenced vWF secretion (P<0.01), but Sla B had no obvious effects on vWF secretion. Conclusions Sla B inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation by increasing endothelial secretion of PGI2 under physical shear stresses. From the view of biomechaopharmacology (interaction between blood flow, blood vessel and blood), the physical flow shear stress is beneficial for the anti-thrombosis effect of Sla B.

Agenesia dentária reabilitada por meio de implante de superfície SLActive: relato de caso / Dental agenesis treated with SLActive implant: case report

Agenesia dentária é uma anomalia genética que caracteriza-se pela ausência total de um ou mais dentes. Ocorre em de 6% da população brasileira, geralmente no segundo pré-molar inferior e representa um desafio para a reabilitação, pois leva a alterações funcionais e estéticas. Nesse contexto, os implantes osseointegráveis ocupam lugar de destaque, dentre eles, os implantes de superfície SLActive®, que promovem aceleração no período de osseointegração, reduzindo esse tempo para 21 dias, além de melhor qualidade do osso neoformado ao redor dos implantes. Com altos índices de sucesso, mesmo quando submetidos a carga oclusal precoce ou imediata, tais implantes têm revolucionado a implantodontia moderna. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar caso de agenesia dentária do segundo pré-molar inferior, reabilitado por meio de implante de superfície SLActive® e instalação da coroa protética definitiva na quinta semana pós-operatória.

Dental agenesis is a genetic abnormality characterized by total absence of one or more teeth. It affects about 6% of the population, affects preferably the second mandibular premolar and represents a challenge for rehabilitation because it leads to functional and esthetic problems. Currently, dental implants play a prominent role in rehabilitation, and the SLActive® implants stand out because they accelerate osseointegration, shorten it to 21 days, and ensure better quality of new bone around the implant. With high rates of success even when immediate or early loading is used, these implants have revolutionized modern Implantology. This report describes a case of dental agenesis of the second mandibular premolar treated using a SLActive® implant and a final prosthetic crown installed on the fifth postoperative week.

Analysis of attachment, proliferation and differentiation response of human mesenchymal stem cell to various implant surfaces coated with rhBMP-2 / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: In this paper we tried to evaluate the most appropriate surface for rhBMP-2 coating among 4 rough titanium surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used machined surface as a control group and anodized, RBM and SLA surfaces as test groups. We coated rhBMP-2 on the 4 surfaces and with uncoated surfaces for each case, we cultured human mesenchymal stem cells on all 8 surfaces. 24 hours after we measured the stem cell'attachment with SEM, and on 3rd, 7th, and 14th days, we checked the cell proliferation and differentiation by using MTT and ALP activity assay. And on the 7th day after the culture, we performed RT-PCR assay to determine whether the expression levels of Type I collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin were changed. RESULTS: We observed with SEM that 4 rhBMP-2 coated surfaces exhibited wider and tighter cell attachment and more cell process spreading than uncoated surfaces. The anodized rhBMP-2 surface caused robustest effects. In MTT assay we could not find any meaningful difference. In ALP assay there was a significant increase (P<.05) in the ALP activity of anodized rhBMP-2 coated surface compared with that of the control (3rd and 14th days) and with that of the RBM rhBMP-2 coated surface (14th day). In RT-PCR assay there was increased expressions in the anodized rhBMP-2 coated surface for osteocalcin, and osteopontin. CONCLUSION: We found that the anodized rhBMP-2 coated surface were most prominent stem cell attachment and differentiation in compared to control and Machined rhBMP-2 coated, RBM rhBMP-2 coated surface.

Supplemental UV-B radiation induced changes in growth, pigments and antioxidant pool of bean (Dolichos lablab) under field conditions.

Present study is conducted to evaluate the response of bean (Dolichos lablab cv . pusa early prolific) plants to supplemental UV-B (sUV-B: 280-315 nm: 7.2 kJ m-2 d-1) radiation. UV-B caused alteration in biomass translocation pattern with more retention of biomass in below ground parts leading to an increment in root shoot ratio. Specific leaf area (SLA) which is the measure of leaf thinness, increased in plants under sUV-B exposure by 95.7 and 82.3% after 15 and 30 days after germination. Photosynthetic machinery of bean plants was the potential target of UV-B as photosynthetic rate was decreased by 88.6 % at 30 days after germination. sUV-B lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species thus generating oxidative stress. Stimulation of antioxidant defense system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) was observed due to sUV-B radiation. Phenolic content decreased (34.7 and 18.6%) but protein showed varied response, increased initially (34%) thereafter declined (10.2%) under sUV-B radiation.

Implant surgery based on computer simulation surgical stent and the assessment with the image fusion technique

INTRODUCTION: The planning of implant surgery is an important factor for the implant prosthesis. Stereolithographic (SLA) surgical stents based on a computer simulation are quite helpful for clinicians to perform the surgery as planned. Although many clinical and technical trials have been performed for computed tomography (CT)-guided implant stents to improve the surgical procedures and prosthetic treatment, there are still many problems to solve. We developed a system of a surgical guide based on 3 dimensional (3D) CT for implant therapy and achieved satisfactory results in the terms of planning and operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients were selected and 30 implant fixtures were installed. The preoperative CT data for surgical planning were prepared after obtaining informed consent. Surgical planning was performed using the simulation program, Ondemend3D In2Guide. The stents were fabricated based on the simulation data containing information of the residual bone, the location of the nerve, and the expected design of the prostheses. After surgery with these customized stents, the accuracy and reproducibility of implant surgery were evaluated based on the computer simulation. The data of postoperative CT were used to confirm this system using the image fusion technique and compare the implant fixtures between the planned and implanted. RESULTS: The mean error was 1.18 (+/-0.73) mm at the occlusal center, 1.23 (+/-0.67) mm at the apical center, and the axis error between the two fixtures was 3.25degrees (+/-3.00). These stents showed superior accuracy in maxilla cases. The lateral side error at the apical center was significantly different from the error at the occlusal center but there were no significant differences between the premolars, 1st molars and 2nd molars. CONCLUSION: SLA surgical stents based on a computer simulation have the satisfactory accuracy and are expected to be useful for accurate planning and surgery if some errors can be improved.